What type of screening identifies individuals who carry gene mutations but are asymptomatic?

• A. Predictive value testing
• B. Carrier screening
• C. Pre-dispositional testing
• D. Universal newborn screening

Answer: (B)

The correct response is carrier screening, which specifically focuses on identifying individuals who carry gene mutations associated with genetic disorders, even if they show no symptoms themselves. This type of screening is often used in familial situations or before conception to determine if parents are carriers of specific genetic conditions that could be passed on to their children.

Carrier screening typically targets genes known to be related to certain hereditary disorders, allowing individuals and families to be informed about their genetic status. This information can assist in family planning and in making informed healthcare decisions regarding reproductive options.

In contrast, predictive value testing generally assesses the likelihood that an individual will develop a certain condition based on genetics but is not specifically targeted at identifying carriers of mutations. Pre-dispositional testing also assesses an individual's risk for developing a disease but focuses on susceptibility rather than carrier status. Universal newborn screening is aimed at detecting metabolic and genetic disorders in newborns shortly after birth, rather than screening asymptomatic individuals before birth or in adults.