What is the deletion of chromosome 5's short arm associated with?

• A. Turner syndrome
• B. Cri du chat syndrome
• C. Williams syndrome
• D. Angelman syndrome

Answer: (B)

The deletion of chromosome 5's short arm is associated with Cri du chat syndrome. This genetic condition is characterized by a specific group of symptoms, including a high-pitched cry that resembles a cat's meowing, which is how the syndrome gets its name. The chromosomal deletion results in various developmental issues, such as intellectual disability, delayed development, and distinctive facial features. Typically, the condition is caused by a deletion of a portion of the short arm of chromosome 5 (5p), and the severity of the symptoms can vary based on the size and location of the deletion.

In terms of the other syndromes mentioned, they are caused by different chromosomal abnormalities. Turner syndrome is the result of the complete or partial loss of an X chromosome; Williams syndrome is associated with a deletion on chromosome 7; and Angelman syndrome is linked to abnormalities on chromosome 15. Understanding the specific chromosome and the nature of the deletion is crucial for appropriate diagnosis and management of these syndromes.